Understanding Web Application Security Fundamentals

Before diving into specific vulnerabilities, it's crucial to understand the basic principles of web application security. Think of web security as a multi-layered defense system, similar to how a medieval castle used moats, walls, and guards to protect against invaders. Each layer serves a specific purpose, and weaknesses in any layer can compromise the entire system.

Web applications operate in a hostile environment by default. Every application exposed to the internet faces constant automated attacks from bots scanning for vulnerabilities, targeted attacks from cybercriminals, and even accidental damage from legitimate users. The challenge lies in building applications that remain functional and user-friendly while resisting these threats. It's like designing a bank that's welcoming to customers but impenetrable to robbers.