Understanding Registry Architecture and Attack Vectors

Understanding Registry Architecture and Attack Vectors

Container registries operate as specialized storage systems optimized for layer deduplication and efficient distribution. The registry API handles authentication, authorization, and content delivery through standardized endpoints. Understanding this architecture helps identify security boundaries and potential attack vectors. Registries store not just images but also manifests, signatures, and metadata that require protection.

Registry compromise can occur through multiple vectors. Weak authentication allows unauthorized image uploads that masquerade as legitimate versions. Insufficient authorization enables lateral movement between repositories. API vulnerabilities permit registry manipulation or denial of service. Network attacks during image transfer can modify contents. Each vector requires specific defensive measures integrated into a comprehensive security strategy.

The distributed nature of registries adds complexity to security implementations. Organizations often maintain multiple registries across environments, requiring consistent security policies. Public cloud registries integrate with cloud IAM systems. On-premises registries need integration with corporate identity providers. Hybrid deployments must secure registry federation and replication. This distributed architecture multiplies the attack surface requiring protection.